Classification of machining centers

CNC milling machine is a kind of automatic processing equipment developed on the basis of general milling machine, the processing technology of both is basically the same, the structure is also somewhat similar. CNC milling machine is divided into two categories without knife library and knife library. The CNC milling machine with knife library is also known as the machining center.

1. Classify according to knife changing form

(1) The tool changing device of the machining center with the tool library manipulator is composed of the tool library and the manipulator, and the tool changing action is completed by the manipulator.

(2) the machining center of the manipulator the tool change of the machining center through the tool library and the spindle box with the action to complete the tool change process.

(3) turret knife library machining center is generally used in small machining centers, mainly to machining holes.

2. Classification by machine tool form

(1) horizontal machining center refers to the machining center with the spindle axis set in the horizontal state. Horizontal machining centers generally have 3-5 motion coordinates. There are three common linear motion coordinates (along the X, Y, Z axis direction) plus a rotary coordinate (workbench), it can make the workpiece a clamping complete in addition to the installation surface and the top surface of the other four surface processing. Horizontal machining center than vertical machining center application range is wide, suitable for complex box parts, pump body, valve body and other parts of the processing. But horizontal machining center covers an area of large, large weight; Complex structure, high price.

(2) vertical machining center refers to the machining center of the spindle axis line set in vertical state. Vertical machining center generally has three linear motion coordinates, the table has the function of indexing and rotation, can be installed on the workbench - a horizontal axis CNC turntable to process spiral parts. Vertical machining center is mainly used for processing drum single box, box cover, plate parts and plane CAM processing. Vertical machining center has the advantages of simple structure, small footprint and low price.

(3) Gantry machining center, similar to gantry milling machine, suitable for large or complex shape of workpiece processing.

(4) universal machining center universal machining center also known as five surface machining center small workpiece clamping can complete all surface processing except the installation surface; With vertical and horizontal machining center function. Common Wanjian lying work center has two forms: one is that the spindle can rotate 900 can be as vertical machining center, also can be as horizontal machining center; The other is that the spindle does not change direction, and the worktable with the workpiece rotating 900 to complete the machining of the five sides of the workpiece. The workpiece installation in the universal machining center avoids the installation error caused by the secondary installation, so the efficiency and accuracy are high, but the structure is complex and the cost is high.

Machining center is often divided into vertical machining center and horizontal machining center according to the state of the spindle in space, the spindle of the machining center is in a vertical state in space is called vertical machining center, and the spindle is in a horizontal state in space is called horizontal machining center. Spindle can be vertical and horizontal conversion, known as vertical and horizontal machining center or five machining center, also known as composite machining center. According to the number of processing center column points; There are single column and double column (gantry).

According to the number of machining center motion coordinates and the number of coordinates controlled at the same time: there are three axis two linkage, three axis three linkage, four axis three linkage, five axis four linkage, six axis five linkage. Three axis, four axis refers to the machining center has the number of motion coordinates, linkage refers to the control system can control the number of coordinates of motion at the same time, so as to realize the position and speed control of the tool relative to the workpiece.

According to the number and function of the table: single table machining center, double table machining center, and multi table machining center.

According to the machining accuracy: there are ordinary machining centers and high-precision machining centers. General machining center, resolution of 1μm, maximum feed speed of 15 ~ 25m/min, positioning accuracy of lOμm or so. High precision machining center, resolution is 0.1μm, the maximum feed speed is 15 ~ 100m/min, positioning accuracy is about 2μm. Between 2 ~ lOμm, ±5μm more, can be called precision grade.